11^th World Congress on Biotechnology and Biotech Industries Meet July 28-29, 2016 Berlin, Germany

Biotechnology in health care represents the complex of modern biological approaches in the field of healthcare research and industry. Healthcare Biotechnology methods are used primarily in pharmaceutical industry and modern clinical diagnostics. The research training in this domain is programmed for the candidates intending to develop their careers in scientific research  institutions , clinical  and  diagnostic laboratories,  analytical  services,  pharmacological and pharmaceutical companies, etc. For the first time in the history of human healthcare, biotechnology is enabling the development and manufacturing of therapies for a number of rare diseases with a genetic origin. Although individually rare, collectively these diseases affect some 20-30 million individuals and their families with 70-80% having a genetic component requiring biotechnology as part of the solution.

Recent advances in agricultural biotechnology have enabled the field of plant biology to move forward in great leaps and bounds. plant genomics and crop science have brought about a paradigm shift of thought regarding the manner by which plants can be utilized both in agriculture and in medicine. Besides the more well-known improvements in agronomic traits of crops such as disease resistance and drought tolerance, plants can now be associated with topics as diverse as biofuel production, phytoremediation, the improvement of nutritional qualities in edible plants, the identification of compounds for medicinal purposes in plants and the use of plants as therapeutic protein production platforms. This diversification of plant science has been accompanied by the great abundance of new patents issued in these fields and, as many of these inventions approach commercial realization, the subsequent increase in agriculturally-based industries. While this review chapter is written primarily for plant scientists who have great interest in the new directions being taken with respect to applications in agricultural biotechnology, those in other disciplines, such as medical researchers, environmental scientists and engineers, may find significant value in reading this article as well. 

The review attempts to provide an overview of the most recent patents issued for plant biotechnology with respect to both agriculture and medicine. The chapter concludes with the proposal that the combined driving forces of climate change, as well as the ever increasing needs for clean energy and food security will play a pivotal role in leading the direction for applied plant biotechnology research in the future.

Microbial biotechnology is defined as any technological application that uses microbiological systems, microbial organisms, or derivatives. Microorganisms have remained oppressed for their definite organic and physical properties from the initial periods for baking, brewing, food preservation and more in recent times for manufacturing antibiotics, solvents, amino acids, feed supplements, and synthetic feedstuffs. Current developments in Molecular Biology and genetic engineering might offer novel clarification to long-standing complications. Over the extinct decade, researchers have developed the practices to transfer a gene from one organism to another, based on innovations of how microorganisms store, duplicate, and transfer hereditary material.

In recent times, fermentation processes depended on rare kinds of raw materials and on available strains of microorganisms. Now microorganisms can be genetically modified to function more conveniently and to practice an inclusive multiplicity of substrates. As these microorganisms are re- engineered and their fermentation abilities fully oppressed, we speedily near the day when substances can be produced naturally and economically.

The global microbial identification market is projected at $896.5 million by the end of 2014 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.9% from 2014 to 2019, to reach $1,194.1 million by 2019. Complex regulatory framework and high costing identification instruments are likely to hinder the growth of this market.

Industrial biotechnology is one of the best encouraging new techniques to contamination evasion, asset protection, and cost lessening. It is much of the time said to as the third wave in biotechnology. On the off chance that created to its full forthcoming, mechanical biotechnology might have a higher impact on the World than human services and agrarian biotechnology. Mechanical biotechnology has molded proteins for use in our everyday lives and for the assembling division. Modern biotechnology organizations use numerous particular strategies to find and enhance nature's chemicals. Data from genomic concentrates on microorganisms is supporting specialists misuse on the abundance of hereditary differing qualities in microbial group.

Modern Biotechnology is a Multidisciplinary plan proposed to experience plant based biomass for the assembling of vitality and mass and claim to fame chemicals. "Open Innovation Cluster" for bioeconomy with consideration on mechanical biotechnology. It is anticipated that mechanical biotechnology will be continuously actualized by compound, pharmaceutical, sustenance, and farming commercial ventures.

The Global biotechnology market size was esteemed at USD 270.5 billion in 2013 and is required to develop at a CAGR of 12.3% inferable from the expanding interest for diagnostics and therapeutics arrangements. Rising government activities attributable to high importance towards development of the economy are relied upon to help the biotechnology market development over the gauge period.

The growth of Biotechnology industry as per Transparency Market Research is estimated to observe substantial growth during 2010 and 2017 as investments from around the world are anticipated to rise, especially from emerging economical regions of the world. The report states that the global market for biotechnology, studied according to its application areas, shall grow at an average annual growth rate of CAGR 11.6% from 2012 to 2017 and reach a value worth USD 414.5 billion by the end of 2017. This market was valued approximately USD 216.5 billion in 2011.  The market of bioagriculture, combined with that of bioseeds, is projected to reach a value worth USD 27.46 billion by 2018. The field of biopharmaceuticals dominated the global biotechnology market and accounted for 60% shares of it in the year 2011.  Many biotechnological industries flourished by the technological advancements leading to new discoveries and rising demands from the pharmaceutical and agricultural sectors.

Molecular biotechnology is the practice of laboratory methods to study as well as modify proteins and nucleic acids for applications in areas for instance animal health and human health, the environment and Agriculture.  Molecular biotechnology results from the convergence of numerous ranges of research, such as microbiology, molecular biology, immunology, biochemistry, cell biology  and genetics.  It is an exhilarating field driven by the capability to transfer genetic material between organisms with the aim of understanding significant biological progressions or creating a valuable product.  The end of the human genome project has opened a countless of prospects to create new drugs and treatments, and methods to improve current medicines.   Molecular biotechnology is a swiftly changing and dynamic field.  As the pace of developments accelerates, its significance will rise.  The prominence and effect of molecular biotechnology is being sensed across the nation.

The tools of molecular biotechnology can be applied to improve and expand, drugs , diagnostic tests,  therapies, and vaccines that will increase animal and human health.  Molecular biotechnology has appliance in animal and plant agriculture, Forestry, and food processing, Aquaculture, chemical and textile manufacturing.  Every characteristic of our lives in the upcoming eras will be affected by this dynamic arena.

Nanobiotechnology is beginning to allow scientists, engineers, and physicians to work at the cellular and molecular levels to produce major benefits to life sciences and healthcare. In the next century, the emerging field of nanotechnology will lead to new biotechnology based industries and novel approaches in medicine. Nanobiotechnology is that branch of nanotechnology that deals with biological and biochemical applications or uses. Nanobiotechnology often studies existing elements of living organisms and nature to fabricate new nano-devices. Generally, nanobiotechnology refers to the use of nanotechnology to further the goals of biotechnology. Some of the innovative challenges in the field of biology are: New molecular imaging techniques, Quantitative analytical tools, Physical model of the cell as a machine, Better ex-vivo tests and improvement in current laboratory techniques and Better drug delivery systems.

Fermentation process consumes microorganisms to transform solid or liquid substrates into various products. Fermentation derived products show enormous quality. Industrial fermentation is the deliberate usage of fermentation by microbes such as bacteria besides fungi to style products useful to human beings. Fermented products require requisition as food as well as in wide-ranging industry.

Some valuable chemicals, equivalent as acetic acid, citric acid, plus ethanol are prepared by fermentation. The ratio of fermentation depends on the compacting of microbes, cells, cellular segments, and enzymes additionally temperature, pH and now aerobic fermentation Oxygen. Product retrieval frequently implicates the absorption of the dilute solution. Approximately all commercially manufactured enzymes, such as lipase, invertase then rennet, are prepared by fermentation through genetically modified microorganisms. In over-all, fermentations can be divided into three types: Production of biomass, Production of extracellular metabolites, and Transformation of substrate.

Cell culture refers to the removal of cells from an animal or plant and their subsequent growth in a favorable artificial environment.  The cells may be removed from the tissue directly and disaggregated by enzymatic or mechanical means before cultivation, or they may be derived from a cell line or cell strain that has already been established.

Significant growth within the biopharmaceuticals industry is spurring unprecedented innovation and demand for cell culture products for the purposes of drug discovery and safety testing. While 2D cell cultures have been in laboratory use since the 1950s, the market for 3D cultures, which more accurately model human tissue in vivo without utilizing animal test subjects, has witnessed spectacular growth over the past decade. Indeed, this market is poised to experience explosive growth within the forecast period, as well as create fertile ground for consolidations, mergers, and acquisitions for many types and sizes of companies.

Fueled by toxicity testing and increased biopharmaceutical production, the assay kits category is the fastest moving segment of the overall market, moving at a tremendous 42% CAGR. Demand in this area is driven by the fact that assay kits contain all the necessary reagents and specific protocols packaged for laboratory use.

Track-8: Biofuels and Biorefinery

Biorefining industries produce heat, fuel, power and different chemicals. The products are prepared from biomass, such as forest-based materials and food waste. A bio refinery is a capability that assimilates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce heat, fuels, power and value-added chemicals from biomass, production, new approaches are in research & developments are made every day. The bio-refinery model is similar to today's petroleum refinery, which yield multiple products and fuels from petroleum. Sustainable economic advance requires harmless resources for industrial manufacture, as bio refineries combines the essential technologies stuck between industrial intermediates, bio-raw materials and final products.

Development and Research in early field of biorefinery are utmost prominent in United States,  Europe (Kamm et al. 1998, 2000) to provide at least 25% organic carbon-based industrial feedstock chemicals, 10%liquid fuels from bio-based product industry. BCC Research estimates that the worldwide demand for bio products will rise at a double-digit compound yearly growth proportion (CAGR) of 12.6% over the following five years to reach $700.7 billion in 2018 from $387.6 billion in 2013, when it will reach a market dispersion rate of 5.5% in 2018, from a projected rate of 4.2% in 2013. Blue Marble Energy, established in 2007, is a U.S. based company which exploits hybridized microbial associations to produce specialty renewable and biochemical biogas. Their company operation is to displace oil with completely renewable, carbon neutral substitutes utilizing nature-based clarifications.

Immunology is a branch of biomedical science that covers the investigation of resistant frameworks in all organisms.[1] It outlines, measures, and contextualizes the: physiological working of the invulnerable framework in conditions of both wellbeing and infections; breakdowns of the insusceptible framework in immunological issue, for example, immune system maladies, hypersensitivities, safe lack, and transplant dismissal); the physical, substance and physiological attributes of the parts of the safe framework in vitro, in situ, and in vivo. Immunology has applications in various orders of drug, especially in the fields of organ transplantation, oncology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, psychiatry, and dermatology.

Biopharmaceuticals might be created from microbial cells (recombinant E. coli or yeast cultures), mammalian cell lines and plant cell cultures and moss plants in bioreactors of different configurations, inclusive of photo-bioreactors. Biopharmaceuticals can contain of proteins or additional types of products such as nucleic acids, viral gene therapy vectors , peptides,  lipids  and carbohydrates, alone or in combination. The superiority of biopharmaceuticals on the market nowadays are proteins, and therefore this concept focuses on those actions required mainly for expansion of protein-based therapeutics and might not apply to the other classes of biopharmaceuticals.

Over the past four years, abundant new kinds of experimental biologic treatment have established commercial registration, but the appearance of biosimilarities signifies the biggest change in the biologic approval landscape. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) is not only a valuable tool for gaining waivers vivo bioequivalence studies but also for conclusion making in the innovation and early development of new medications. Dimension of solubility and permeability in the discovery/improvement backgrounds is described. The scientific basis and data requirements for dossiers at altered stages of development of biopharmaceuticals will be communicated for the excellence, preclinical and clinical parts of controlling submissions.

Biotechnology Products are the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products, or "any methodological application that uses biological systems, living organisms or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use". Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with the (related) fields of Fermented beverages‎, Fermented foods‎, Recombinant proteins, etc. For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology Products in agriculture, food production, and medicine.

Fermentation technology incorporate a wide field, but inside this profile we target the use of microbes and enzymes for construction of compounds that find application in the energy, chemical, material, therapeutic and the food segment. Although fermentation practices have been used for generations, the necessity for ecological production of energy and materials is challenging invention and improvement of innovative fermentation theories. Our exertions are directed both to the development of cell companies and enzymes as well as of design of novel practice concepts and technologies for fermentation methods.

Industrial fermentation procedures are increasingly prevalent, and are measured an important technological benefit for dropping our dependence on chemicals and products manufactured from fossil fuels. However, even though their increasing acceptance, fermentation progressions have not yet extended the similar development as traditional chemical procedures, mainly when it arises to using engineering tools such as mathematical illustration and optimization methods.

Fermentation technology intention is to improve fermentation procedures for medications e.g. antibiotics, drug intermediates, enzymes, amino acids and various biotransformations.

The global market for fermentation-derived products is expected to increase from nearly $24.3 billion in 2015 to $35.1 billion in 2020, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.7% from 2015 to 2020. The fermentation-derived amino acid market is expected to increase from $8.9 billion in 2015 to $12.6 billion in 2020, with a CAGR of 7.3%. The global market value of fermentation-derived industrial enzymes is estimated at $6.3 billion in 2015. This category is expected to reach nearly $10.6 billion in 2020, with a CAGR of 10.8% from 2015 to 2020.

The biotechnology community in Europe has seen significant growth in recent years. By establishing itself in several key niche markets, the European biotech and pharma industries have thrived in the global biopharmaceutical market. Europe high standards for their life science educational systems have increased the level of growth and the quality of Europe’s workforce and broadened Europe’s reach within the world. With a dedication to innovation and research, Europe has established itself as a leader in biotechnology.

The applications of biotechnology are so broad, and the advantages so compelling, that virtually every industry is using this technology. Developments are underway in areas as diverse as pharmaceuticals, diagnostics, textiles, aquaculture, forestry, chemicals, household products, environmental cleanup, food processing and forensics to name a few. Biotechnology is enabling these industries to make new or better products, often with greater speed, efficiency and flexibility. Biotechnology holds significant promise to the future but certain amount of risk is associated with any area.

Biointerfaces, or Biological surfaces and interfaces, concerns the field where synthetic materials and biological systems interact with each other - a topic that constitutes one of the most innovative, dynamic and expanding fields in science and Technology.

Designed biointerfaces are often vital elements for the functionality of bio-related processes and devices in fields as diverse as biotechnology, biosensors & diagnostics, biomimetic materials, (stem) cell technology, drug-delivery systems, additive biomanufacturing, regenerative medicine, and biomaterials for medical implants and functional tissue engineering.

Progress in fundamental understanding and technological innovations are driven by exciting interdisciplinary approaches and collaborations within a community represented by physicists, chemists, biologists, materials scientists, engineers and clinicians. Understanding and rational design are furthermore supported by access to a plethora of static and dynamic interface-characterization and monitoring techniques with unprecedented detection sensitivity and spatial resolution.

Tissue engineering is emerging as a significant potential alternative or complementary solution, whereby tissue and organ failure is addressed by implanting natural, synthetic, or semisynthetic tissue and organ mimics that are fully functional from the start or that grow into the required functionality. Initial efforts have focused on skin equivalents for treating burns, but an increasing number of tissue types are now being engineered, as well as biomaterials and scaffolds used as delivery systems. A variety of approaches are used to coax differentiated or undifferentiated cells, such as stem cells, into the desired cell type. Notable results include tissue-engineered bone, blood vessels, liver, muscle, and even nerve conduits. As a result of the medical and market potential, there is significant academic and corporate interest in this technology.

In the modern society, due to developments in technology and industry, there are increasing cases of defunctionalisation or damage to tissues or organs from various accidents, diseases, and aging, and as the human body reaches its limits in self-regeneration ability, the need for proper and effective treatment methods is increasing rapidly. Accordingly, studies on biomaterials useful in tissue regeneration are actively being conducted to design materials that can induce the regeneration of the damaged tissue or organ. Research is also currently being done on stem cell differentiation within scaffolds and mechanisms of the tissue regeneration on transplant to the human body and efforts on the development and application of its therapeutic method. However, it is very difficult to form three-dimensional artificial organ similar to the structurally complex tissue within the human body due to the technical limits in the biomaterial development.

Enzymes are nature’s biocatalysts empowered with high catalytic power and remarkable substrate specificity. Enzymes perform a wide range of functions throughout nature, and guide the biochemistry of life with great precision. The majority of enzymes perform under conditions considered normal for mesophilic, neutrophilic, terrestrial microorganisms. However, the Earth’s biosphere contains several regions that are extreme in comparison, such as hypersaline lakes and pools, hydrothermal vents, cold oceans, dry deserts and areas exposed to intensive radiation. These areas are inhabited by a large number of extremophilic microorganisms which produce enzymes capable of functioning in unusual conditions.

There is an increasing biotechnological and industrial demand for enzymes stable and functioning in harsh conditions, and over the past decade screening for, isolation and production of enzymes with unique and extreme properties has become one of the foremost areas of biotechnology research. The development of advanced molecular biology tools has facilitated the quest for production of enzymes with optimized and extreme features. These tools include large-scale screening for potential genes using metagenomics, engineering of enzymes using computational techniques and site-directed mutagenesis and molecular evolution techniques.

The Bioeconomy encompasses the production of renewable biological resources and their conversion into food, feed, bio-based products and bioenergy via innovative and efficient technologies provided by Industrial Biotechnology. It is already a reality and one that offers great opportunities and solutions to a growing number of major societal, environmental and economic challenges, including climate change mitigation, energy and food security and resource efficiency. The goal is a more innovative and low-emissions economy, reconciling demands for sustainable agriculture and fisheries, food security, and the sustainable use of renewable biological resources for industrial purposes, while ensuring biodiversity and environmental protection.

The ultimate aim of the bioeconomy is to help keep Europe competitive, innovative and prosperous by providing sustainable, smart and inclusive economic growth and jobs, and by meeting the needs of a growing population whilst protecting our environment and resources.Europe is a leader in the development of the bioeconomy, but competition and interest in this field continues to grow around the globe.

Items from the concoction, material and power commercial ventures have turned into a fundamental piece of our every day lives and the anticipated interest for these items will increment. A general concern is the serious use of limited assets, specifically fossil assets, and, thusly, the industry is amidst rethinking its present asset use. In this procedure, modern examination and improvement appears to re-find the variety of value and particular functionalities in renewable assets also.

The late write about Biorefinery market tosses light on the different variables representing the business sector over the globe. The Global Biorefinery Products business sector is relied upon to reach $1128.17 billion by 2022. The variables supporting the business sector development incorporate, unstable fossil fuel costs, restricted fossil powers, efficient crude materials, utilization of bio fills, rising ventures.

Bioactive paper has been developed at the biosensor stage level, which means it can detect pesticides but is not yet able to repel and deactivate toxins. However, its ability to detect potential hazards is still very beneficial to human health and safety. Currently, bioactive paper is a paper-based sensor that can identify various contaminants in food and water. One current application of bioactive paper can be applied to bioterrorism and food safety, as it can detect acetylcholinesterase, or a nerve agent. With this advancement, bioactive paper has become a product of interest for the military and the packaging industry.

Paper-based biosensors offer one of the best approaches for food safety monitoring because of their low-cost, simplicity, and rapid response time. The network developing the paper, which can sense pathogens such as E. coli and SARS, has received $7.5 million from the federal government to help bring its products to market.  Sentinel is operating with $7.5-million in funding over five years (2010-2015) from NSERC and another $2.5-million and over $2-million (in-kind) from industry partners