Day 1 :
- Biotechnology | Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering
Location: Webinar
Session Introduction
Kecheng Chen
The Starsky Medical Research Institute, Jilin, China
Title: Fabrication of chitosan/PVP/dihydroquercetin nanocomposite film potential usage in wound healing
Biography:
Kecheng Chen, graduated from the Biology Department of Shenyang Normal University in 1992. He has been employed as a visiting professor by Zhejiang Forestry University, Shenyang Normal University and Biopharmaceutical Research Institute of Liaocheng University. In 2019, he was hired as a researcher follower by the Australian Trefoil Life Research Institute. In 2020, he was hired by the Space-Time Medicine Studio of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Mining and Inheritance Innovation Center of Shanghai Jiaotong University as a member of the expert committee. He was also a co-founder of the Starsky Medical Research Institute in China.
Abstract:
Wound healing is to restore the damaged tissue to its original state through the interaction with biomolecules and cell-matrix. It follows a well-defined, yet complex, cascade of processes that are commonly divided into four major stages: coagulation, inflammation, cell proliferation with matrix repair, and epithelialization with scar remodeling. Because wound complications involve infection, deformity, scar tissue overgrowth, and bleeding, wounds should indeed be covered with a dressing as soon as they are damaged. Traditional dressings cause the wound to become dehydrated and enhance the adhesion to the wound. It also causes the patient discomfort and pain and slows wound healing. The ideal wound dressing should have the following characteristics: a moist environment, rapid wound healing, mechanical protection, noncytotoxicity to healthy tissue, antimicrobial/antifungal effect, ease of use, and patient acceptance. In recent years, nanofiber polymer materials prepared by electrospinning have attracted great attention because of their unique properties such as high specific surface area, high porosity, and controllable structure and function. Chitosan (CS) has been proved to be biocompatible, biodegradable and antibacterial. In recent years, a variety of chitosan hemostatic dressings have been developed. For example, Ren et al., Prepared silk fibroin/chitosan/halloysite nanotube electrospinning composite medical dressings. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a drug polymer for preparing different dosage forms, it is a non-toxic, biocompatible, watersoluble polymer, mainly used as a dissolution accelerator for pharmaceutical preparations. Contardi et al., showed PVP-based hydrogels exhibit biocompatibility and hemocompatibility in vitro and wound healing properties in vivo. Dihydroquercetin, is a flavonoid compound extracted from larch, which has been used in various commercial preparations. Studies have shown that dihydroquercetin has the effects of antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and anti-oxidation. It has the potential to be made into wound excipients. According to reports, utilizing dihydroquercetin liposomal complex to classify burn trauma helped to stabilize the endogenous antioxidant system and reduce the area of secondary necrosis in the wound. Skin regeneration and sebaceous gland repair have also been enhanced. Previous studies have also shown that dihydroquercetin can be combined with chitosan and hyaluronic acid to prepare a multifunctional wound dressing film with antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this work, we report the preparation and characterization of chitosan (CS), PVP, and dihydroquercetin (DHQ) nanofiber film used as wound excipients, as well as in vivo and in vitro evaluations, and verify that the film is effective in wounds. The results show that the prepared film has good morphology, thermal stability and hydrophilicity. In vitro studies have shown that it has antibacterial activity against S.aureus and E.coli, and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate proves that the fiber film has antioxidant activity. MTT cytotoxicity test proved that the film is non-toxic to Hacatcells. Animal experiments have proved that wounds treated with CS-PVP-DHQ nanofiber film heal faster. This article also studied the composite nanofiber film by inducing autophagy pathway and increasing the expression of pan-keratin, vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF and CD31 to promote wound healing. Therefore, the nanofiber film herein show great potential in wound healing applications.
Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
University of Hong Kong
Title: 2D DNA nanoporous scaffold promotes osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts
Biography:
Baig, MMFA is a registered Pharmacist and did a PhD in Chemistry. His recent research interest is designing nanomaterials for Biomedical Engineering, Mechano Pharmacology, Developmental Biology, Structural Biology, and Neuroscience. He got his post-doctoral training in Nanomedicine at the Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong. His postdoctoral work was focused on designing DNA-based functional & bio-active nanomaterials to apply in Restorative Dentistry, Oral Microbiology/ Oncology, Regenerative Therapeutics, Stem Cells Research, Drug Delivery, and Molecular Pharmaceutics. He got a Ph.D. degree in Chemistry (Therapeutical Biochemistry) from the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University (NJU), China. During his Ph.D., he worked on DNA Nanotechnology, Nano-Therapeutics, Biosensing, Bio-imaging, Diagnostics, and Cellular Biophysics. Previously, He received his Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) and MPhil (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) degrees from the Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University (BZU), Multan, Pakistan; where he learned about Biochemistry, Phytochemistry, Pharmacognosy, Biotechnology, Polymers, Organic, Medicinal, Bio-analytical, and Material Chemistry. His research work mainly focused on the construction and function of DNA nanomachines, which are cutting edge and challenging topics. He designed and constructed unique DNA molecular tension probes using a short circular DNA nanotechnology technique and functionalized these probes with fluorophores, gold nanoparticles, small molecular drugs, and peptide ligands. He achieved nano-specific precision in organizing plasmonic nanoparticles on the nano DNA frameworks to achieve plasmon resonance effects. My work on the DNA nanomachines provided an efficient mechanism of fluorescence resonance energy transfer that realizes the bio-imaging, and detection of biological events, and functions of the biomolecules.
Abstract:
Biofunctional materials with nanomechanical parameters similar to bone tissue may promote the adherence, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of pre-osteoblasts. In this study, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanoporous scaffold (DNA-NPS) was synthesized by the polymerization of rectangular and double-crossover (DX) DNA tiles. The diagonally precise polymerization of nanometer-sized DNA tiles (A + B) through sticky end cohesion gave rise to a micrometer-sized porous giant-sheet material. The synthesized DNA-NPS exhibited a uniformly distributed porosity with a size of 25 ± 20 nm. The morphology, dimensions, sectional profiles, 2-dimensional (2D) layer height, texture, topology, pore size, and mechanical parameters of DNA-NPS have been characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The size and zeta potential of DNA-NPS have been characterized by the zeta sizer. Cell biocompatibility, proliferation, and apoptosis have been evaluated by flow cytometry. The AFM results confirmed that the fabricated DNA-NPS was interconnected and uniformly porous, with a surface roughness of 0.125 ± 0.08035 nm. The elastic modulus of the DNA-NPS was 22.45 ± 8.65 GPa, which was comparable to that of native bone tissue. DNA-NPS facilitated pre-osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. These findings indicated the potential of 2D DNA-NPS in promoting bone tissue regeneration.
Priyanka Jain
Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, India
Title: Dynamics of host pathogen interaction in plants
Biography:
PhD in Bioinformatics with 3+ years of post-doctoral experience. I am having 14 years’ experience on next generation sequencing data analysis (hybrid genome assembly, whole genome sequencing (seq), exome seq, RNA seq, small RNAseq, single cell RNA-Seq, Bisulphite seq, Chip-Seq, ATAC-Seq) of different platforms and interpretation using different omic pipelines. Experience in shell scripting, R, Perl and Python in linux environment use fast high-performance compute (HPC). Experience in next generation sequencing library preparation, array based and florescent dye-based SNP genotyping sample preparation. Worked on animal, human (type 2 diabetes and cancer) and plant genomics data applying statistical methods. Persistent learner with exceptional understanding of genomics and transcriptomics.
Abstract:
Till now approximately 102 blast R genes and 500 blast resistance QTLs have been mapped in rice, while only 38 among them have been characterized and cloned (Devana et al., 2022). Disease resistance (R) genes like Pi9, Pita, Pi21, Pi54 are playing important role for broad spectrum blast resistance in rice. Development of near isogenic lines (NILs) using these broad-spectrum genes and understanding their signaling networks is essential to cope up with highly evolving Magnaporthe oryzae strains for longer duration. The genomic plasticity of this pathogen helps it to adapt according to the host. In order to counter the adaptability potential of the pathogen we made extensive effort to understand the mechanism of resistance. Monogenic or near-isogenic lines (NILs) that differ in a single rice-blast resistance gene are useful as differential varieties in pathogenicity tests and as genetic resources in rice breeding programs. However, because the development and phenotyping process is time-consuming and laborious, such lines exist only for a few genes. In this study novel monogenic lines containing Pi9 and Pi54 in the background of Pusa Basmati1 (PB1), a variety released in 1989 as the first high-yielding, semi-dwarf, photoperiod-insensitive, and superior quality scented rice line were used. However, transcriptome profiling studies of rice NILs upon M. oryzae infection are few in number (Sharma et al., 2016). This is the first study in which transcriptional level changes in PB1 and its three NILs carrying Pi1, Pi9, and Pi54 genes upon M. oryzae infection are compared. In this study NILs carrying Pi9 and Pi54 blast resistance gene respectively (in the background of Pusa basmati 1) serves an excellent biological material for understanding the molecular basis of rice-Magnaporthe interactions (Jain et al 2017; Jain et al 2019).
Biography:
Salvador García holds a degree in Biotechnology from the Faculty of Experimental Sciences of the University of Almería (Spain) and a MS in Biotechnology applied to Health and Sustainability. He is a specialist in the synthesis of biopolymers from bacteria and archaea. He is currently pursuing a PhD in the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates from different waste sources using halophilic microorganisms as cell factories to achieve a circular economy.
Abstract:
Plastic packaging is highly problematic for waste management and the environment; rates of littering and environmental leakage of plastics remain unacceptable. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the primary plastics used in food and beverage packaging, around 19%. The sustainable management of these plastic wastes has become a challenging problem for the global society. There is a significant challenge to developing technologies to deal with the upcycling of plastics for food & drink packaging, transforming them into new materials or products of better quality. The European upPE-T project aims to turn plastic food and drink packaging waste into a valuable resource for making PHBV biodegradable bioplastics. To achieve this goal, we are working on developing biocatalytic degradation routes to break down one of the most commonly used packaging plastics: PET. PET wastes from post-consumer bottles were subjected to a combined treatment of heat plus quenching to decrease molecular weight and the crystallinity of PET and facilitate the enzymatic degradation by PET-degrading enzymes. PETase was produced in Escherichia coli, and differently treated PET samples were tested for enzymatic degradation, and PET samples with high degradation were identified. The resulting products from enzymatic PET degradation (mainly terephthalic acid, TPA) were used in fermentation strategies as feedstock to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), which are biodegradable bioplastics. The adapted protocol was successfully scaled up for the degradation of 150 g of PET. The upPE-T project has achieved the upcycling of PET wastes obtaining high-value products (biodegradable bioplastics) of applicability in different sectors.
N.M. Permyakova
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Ukraine
Title: Effective biologically active additives for animals based on compositions of α-tocopheryl acetate with micellar nanocarriers
Biography:
Nataliya Permyakova graduated from the Faculty of Chemistry of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in the specialty of physical chemistry of polymers and colloids. From 1980 to 2018 she worked as the scientific researcher at the Department of Macromolecular Chemistry of Faculty of Chemistry, Kyiv National University. She defended of the PhD thesis on "Intermolecular polycomplexes formed by hydrogen bonds as new functional materials." Since 2019 and to the present, she works as the scientific researcher at the Department of Polymer Physics of the Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine. Research direction and interests: design and research of physicochemical and functional properties of heteropolymers, polymer/inorganic hybrids and multicomponent systems, based on them, for nanotechnology, biomedicine, environment and agriculture, in particular, creation of micellar nanocarriers for drug delivery.
Abstract:
Encapsulation of biologically active substances, such as vitamins and antioxidants, into hydrophilic, biocompatible, and biodegradable nanocarriers is one of the possibilities for creating effective food additives for humans and animals. At the same time, the encapsulation processes make it possible to protect active agents from oxidation and rapid elimination from the body, thereby increasing their effectiveness. Current work is devoted to the development and research of non-toxic micellar nanocarriers based on diblock and triblock copolymers (DBCs and TBCs) with biocompatible and biodegradable polyethylene oxide and poly(acrylic acid) blocks for encapsulation and delivery of poorly soluble vitamin E and its analogs, in particular, α-tocopheryl acetate (α-TOCA), in animal organisms. DBCs and TBCs are intramolecular polycomplexes that form special micellar structures of the "cut" and "hairy" types with a complex "core" in aqueous solutions at pH <5. The special structure of DBC and TBC micelles, in particular, the ability of the complex “core” stabilized by a system of hydrogen bonds to self-adjust during drug encapsulation, pH-sensitivity of micelles turned out to be very effective for encapsulation of poorly soluble vitamin E and its analogs (Figure 1). The obtained compositions of ï¡-tocopheryl acetate with both types of micellar carriers showed high stability over time in a wide range of pH=3.5-9.0 and in physiological solution. However, in the case of “hairy” micelles, the developed “corona” of longer unbound segments of the polyacrylic acid block provided more reliable protection of the encapsulated drug molecules from the “salting out” effect. The composition of ï¡-tocopheryl acetate with given nanocarrier was tested in vivo on a group of sows as a dietary supplement. The positive effect of the micellar form of the drug on metabolic processes in sows, as well as on increasing the productivity of sows, stress resistance and safety of born piglets has been established.